Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of laparoscopic secondary surgery for biliary tract on clinical efficiency and quality of life in patients with choledocholithiasis. Methods A total of choledocholithiasis 130 cases with laparoscopic secondary surgery for biliary tract were selected and randomly divided into control group and research group, with 65 cases in each group. The control group and research group was treated by laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery respectively. Clinical effect and quality of life score were compared between two groups. Results The intraoperative blood loss, recovery time of gastrointestinal function, duration of pain and hospital stay in the research group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups(P>0.05). On the 14^th day after operation, there were no significant differences in the levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and total bilirubin(TB)between the two groups(P>0.05), but the levels of AST, ALT and TB in both groups were significantly lower than those before operation(P<0.05). The incidence rate of complications in the research group was 4.62%, which was significantly lower than 47.69% in the control group(P<0.05). The scores of items in SF-36 in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic reoperation is effective in treatment of patients with choledocholithiasis, which has the advantages of high safety, small trauma, quick recovery and fewer complications, and it can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.