Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of modified Xiaochaihu Decoction combined with Jianwei Huayu Decoction on serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and basic fibroblast growth factor(BFGF)in patients with recurrent peptic ulcer(RPU). Methods A total of 112 RPU patients were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 56 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with conventional western medicine, the control group was treated with additional modified Xiaochaihu Decoction, while the study group was treated with Jianwei Huayu Decoction on the basis of the control group. Before and after treatment, the TCM symptom scores, serum BFGF and VEGF levels, clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the score of TCM symptoms in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the clinical effect was significantly better than the control group(P<0.05). The levels of BFGF and VEGF in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion It is safe and effective to treat RPU patients by modified Xiaochaihu Decoction and Jianwei Huayu Decoction, which can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms, increase the levels of serum BFGF and VEGF, accelerate the healing of peptic ulcer surface.