老年脑出血患者颅脑电子计算机断层扫描表现及其诊断价值

Brain computed tomography findings and their diagnostic value in elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage

  • 摘要:
      目的  探讨老年脑出血(ICH)患者颅脑电子计算机断层扫描(CT)表现及其诊断价值。
      方法  回顾性分析60例老年ICH患者的临床资料, 所有患者均行CT检查。观察ICH患者的颅脑CT表现,评估CT诊断ICH的准确率,评估患者预后与ICH病灶、出血量的关系,观察老年ICH患者治疗后的CT表现。
      结果  ICH患者出血部位中以脑叶出血的发生率最高; 60例ICH患者中, CT检出59例(检出率为98.33%), 其中49例患者表现为脑内见圆形、类圆形或不规则高密度影病灶,密度均等, CT值为52~71 HU, 病灶周围可见环形或片状水肿带, 10例患者表现为脑内混杂密度影; 不同病灶部位患者比较,脑干出血的ICH患者病死率最高; 不同出血量患者比较,出血量>50 mL的ICH患者病死率最高; 治疗2周后, CT检查显示ICH患者脑内病灶呈向心性缩小,边缘模糊,病灶周围环状水肿带增宽,血肿缩小,且CT值下降。
      结论  颅脑CT在老年ICH患者的诊治、预后方面均有积极作用,有良好的临床应用价值。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To investigate the findings and diagnostic value of brain computed tomography (CT) in elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
      Methods  The clinical data of 60 elderly patients with ICH were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent CT examination. The brain CT findings of ICH patients were observed, and the accuracy rate of ICH diagnosed by CT was evaluated, and the relationship between prognosis and ICH lesions, hemorrhage volume was evaluated, and the CT findings of elderly patients with ICH were observed after treatment.
      Results  The incidence of hemorrhage in the cerebral lobes was highest. Among the 60 patients, 59 cases were detected as cerebral hemorrhage by CT, with the detection rate of 98.33% and 49 of them showed round, round-like or irregular high-density or equal density lesions in the brain, with CT value of 52~71 HU, and ring or flaky edema belt around the lesion was seen. CT findings showed that mixed density in the brain were seen in ten patients. The mortality rates were highest in ICH patients with brain stem hemorrhage, and in those with hemorrhage volume >50 mL. After 2-week of treatment, CT showed that the lesions in the brain of ICH patients were concentrically narrowed, blurred edges and widened annular edema around the lesions, reduced hematoma were found and decreased CT value was detected.
      Conclusion  Brain CT has a positive effect on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of elderly patients with ICH, and is of great value in clinical application.

     

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