Objective  To study the effect of autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone in unilateral vertebral pedicle arch implantation in patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures.

  Methods  The clinical data of 80 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into combined group (autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone, n=47) and control group (allogeneic bone, n=33) according to the different intraoperative implantation materials. The treatment effects were compared between the two groups.

  Results  After surgery, the compression rate of anterior vertebral body was significantly increased, and the difference was significant at different time points (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the compression rate of anterior vertebral body at 1 week and 6 months after surgery between combined group and control group (P>0.05). At 1 week after surgery, the Cobb angle of spinal sagittal position in the two groups was significantly lower than that before surgery, and was increased modestly at 6 months after surgery compared with that at 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05), and the Cobb angle in combined group was significantly lower than that in control group at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). At 1 week after surgery, the spinal canal occupancy rate in the two groups was significantly lower than that in the same group before surgery, and was increased modestly at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05), and there was a significant between-group difference in spinal canal occupancy rate (P < 0.05). The spinal canal occupancy rate in combined group at 1 week and 6 months after surgery was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). The fusion rate of bone grafting in combined group was significantly higher than that in control group at 1 week and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). At 6 months after surgery, the neurological function in the two groups was significantly improved than before surgery (P < 0.05), and the combined group was significantly higher than the control group at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05).

  Conclusion  Autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone has good application value in thoracolumbar burst fractures, and it can promote the recovery of injured vertebrae.