Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between self-management behavior and its effect on blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods A total of 108 patients with T2DM were selected.Fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 hPBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were detected before and 6 months after intervention.And the relationship between self-management behavior and control efficacy of blood glucose was analyzed.Results Total self-management behavior score was (87.29 ± 17.53) points,with scoring index of 66.27％ in moderate level.Six months after intervention,the levels of FPG,2 h PBG and HbA1c were notably superior to that before intervention,and there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the score of each dimension and the total scores of serf-management behavior were negatively correlated with the level of blood glucose (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Increasing the self-management behavior can improve the control efficacy of blood glucose in patients with T2DM.