Abstract: Objective To explore effect of high quality nursing on cognitive function and prevention of infection in patients with severe traumatic brain injury in ICU.Methods A total of 120 cases with severe head injury were randomly divided into routine nursing group and high quality nursing group,given conventional nursing and high quality nursing,respectively.Nursing efficacy,ICU treatment time,hospitalization time and treatment costs,cognitive function score after 7 d of nursing,satisfaction and infection rate were compared.Results Total effective rate was 93.33％ in high quality nursing group,which was significantly higher than 80％ in the conventional nursing group (P ＜ 0.05).High quality nursing group had lower ICU treatment time,hospitalization time and treatment costs than the conventional nursing group (P ＜ 0.05).High quality nursing group had higher MMSE,MBI and FMA scores and lower NFD score than the conventional nursing group after nursing (P ＜ 0.05).Satisfaction in high quality nursing group was 100％,which was significantly higher than 88.33％ of the conventional nursing group (P ＜ 0.01),the infection rate was 5％,significantly lower than 21.67％ in conventional nursing group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion High quality nursing can promote the recovery of cognitive function in patients with severe traumatic brain injury,and effectively inhibit the infection in ICU.