Abstract: Objective To study changes of myocardial enzyme and cytokines of newborns with aspiration pneumonia.Methods A total of 102 newborns with aspiration pneumonia were selected as observation group,another 102 healthy newborns at the same time were selected as control group,the serum myocardial enzyme and cytokines levels of newborns in two groups were compared,and the serum myocardial enzyme and cytokines levels of newborns in observation group with different X-ray manifestations and classifications of aspiration pneumonia were compared.Results The serum myocardial enzyme and cytokines levels of newborns in observation group were all obviously higher than that in control group,the serum myocardial enzyme and cytokines levels of newborns in observation group with different X-ray manifestations also showed significant difference (P ＜ 0.05),while the serum myocardial enzyme and cytokines levels of newborns in observation group with different classifications had no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The myocardial enzyme and cytokines of newborns with aspiration pneumonia show higher expression,and the influence of the disease severity for its expression levels are great,so active monitoring and intervention should be focused.