Abstract: Objective To observe the influence of edaravone on hydrocephalus and prognosis of patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods 124 patients with hy-drocephalus due to moderate and severe TBI admitted were randomly divided into treatment group (n =63)and control group (n =61).Routine treatment was given to control group,on which basis edara-vone was intravenously injected to treatment group.Hydrocephalus volumes before treatment and 3,7, 14 and 28 days after treatment,Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)scores 28 days after treatment as well as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)scores 6 months after follow up were observed.Results Hydroceph-alus volumes 3 and 7 days after treatment extended significantly than those before treatment in both groups (P <0.01),decreased apparently 14 and 28 days after treatment (P <0.01),and were smal-ler in treatment group than in control group (P <0.01 ).28 days after treatment,GCS scores in-creased significantly in both groups than those before treatment (P <0.01)and were higher in treat-ment group than in control group (P <0.01).6 months after follow up,GOS score was better in treat-ment group than in control group (P <0.05).Conclusion Edaravone can significantly reduce hydro-cephalus in patients with moderate and severe TBI and improve the prognosis.