Abstract: Objective To evaluate the influence of hydrosalpinx on endometrial receptivity by transvaginal color doppler sonography.Methods A total of 70 patients with hydrosalpinx were randomly divided into unilateral hydrosalpinx group (observation group A)and bilateral hydros-alpinx group (observation group B),35 cases for each.Another 35 diagnosed healthy parous women served as control group.Resistance indexes (RI)of uterine artery and blood distribution types in and under endometrium among 3 groups were compared.Results Observation groups A and B were obviously higher than control group in RI on hydrosalpinx side (P <0.01),whereas observation group A was evidently higher in types A and C blood distribution and observation group B in type A blood distribution than control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion Hydrosalpinx may has certain impact on hemodynamics of uterine artery and increase RI,leading to decreased blood distri-bution in and under endometrium and endometrial receptivity,which can affect pregnant rate subse-quently.